Eliminating the need for water treatment chemicals for scale, corrosion and biological growth increasing chiller. A 40,000gal cooling tower chiller system composed of two 1,200ton centrifugal chillers, one 650ton chiller and two cooling towers was selected for the trial. Technical reference for water conservation in cooling towers pub. Annual chemical new water treatment ro concentrate is typically high in alkalinity, so it is important to either degasify the water or only mix it with soft water to avoid scale. Realize lions share of savings from coc of 3 to coc of 10, savings level off after coc of 15. Cooling tower systems operation is most efficient when their heat transfer surfaces are clean. What is a cooling tower water treatment system and how does. Cooling tower and heat exchanger efficiencies are of paramount importance in operating any watercooled process found.
Different water filtration systems each offer differing benefits and associated costs. Progressive non chemical cooling tower water treatment supports stable system operation, prevents mineral scale, keeps bacteria, biofilm and pathogens under control, and permits cooling system operational practices to inhibit corrosion. Warm water from the heat source is pumped to the water distribution system at the top of the tower. Targets of cooling water treatment in open and closed circuits were pointed out. Full hvac training course by ramy ghoraba pdf files. When the po4 level in the cooling water has dropped to below 15ppm, the longterm cooling tower treatment program can be started. This model sow provides details on factors to consider when purchasing chemicals and guidance for preparing purchasing documents. The specific configuration of your system will depend on several things, including. Sodium chlorite cooling water treatment with chlorine dioxide. Corrosion, deposition, fouling, and biological growth can derail your operations. Pdf electrochemical water treatment for cooling towers.
The inhibitor consists of a chemical compound that added to water lowers the metals corrosion factor. Use smaller amounts of water than facilities using a oncethrough system based on industry survey data, the average blowdown flow rate was 0. The undersigned, as bidder, herein referred to as singular and masculine declares as follows. Operation and maintenance of cooling towers must be in accordance with applicable regulations and bmps outlined in this document. Corrosion and scale control chemical formulation is dosed continuously in the sump from dosing tank by dedicated metering dosing pumps. Problems of cooling systems and possible solutions of suitable water treatment have been shown. A cooling tower water treatment system is an arrangement of technologies that remove damaging impurities from your cooling tower feed water, circulation water, andor blowdown. Apr 24, 2017 in addition, there was a history of process chemical leaks in the cooling tower water stream. What is a cooling tower water treatment system and how.
A highly instrumentated cooling tower pilot plant was designed and constructed at the dow chemical texas division plant, freeport, texas, for the purpose of developing operating guidelines for fuse of various commercially available nonchromate cooling water treatment programs. An effective cooling tower water treatment system will provide the right quality of water to your cooling tower, the correct circulation chemistry, allowing it to run efficiently, avoiding problematic deposition, and maintaining a manageable amount of blowdown. Testing and evaluation of a chemicalfree cooling tower. Cooling tower treatment filtration of recirculating water and treatment of tower blowdown to reduce waste is a common concern. Invitation to bid plainly marked, boilers and cooling towers.
So before we talk about the chemicals used in it, we should know what cooling water tower system is, so that we can understand easier then. When the solids concentration in the cooling tower water is triple that of the makeup water, it is described as three cycles of concentration. Increasing the cycles of concentration is a very common water conservation measure for cooling towers. This would involve applications both to cooling water treatment and boiler water treatment using single pass and recirculating processes. Enter a cooling tower with caution chemical processing. The paper will focus on the pilot plant as an evaluation. This, in turn, helps conserve the amount of any makeup water or chemicals needed. Careful consideration should be paid to developing individual chemical, mechanical, and application components to ensure cooling. Chardon laboratories is your best source for reliable cooling tower chemical treatment services. Cooling is accomplished through the latent heat of vaporization. Cooling tower process tower basin distribution deck basin tower fill induced draft fan recirc pump return water supply water a tower cools water by evaporation by drawing high volume air across the water surface, which transfers heat to the atmosphere. Open the cooling tower blowdown at the end of this step to reduce the phosphate level in the cooling water. Cooling systems use a significant amount of water, requiring reliable treatment.
Prior attempts at cleaning the cooling tower system with a variety of biocides, both oxidizing and nonoxidizing, proved ineffective. Jake noted that the flow patterns indicated a problem with the old tower. Food plants, for example, can contribute plenty of organic compounds for the bacteria to have. Cycles of concentration coc determines the water chemistry without chemical treatment. Water flow a checking system for chemical products concentration in water flow is to. Understanding the differences in these technologies is necessary for proper selection. This means providing protection against corrosion, scale and biological fouling that will ensure continuous operation of equipment with minimal downtime. F o r m u l a s a n d t a b l es formulasandtables fanlaws. The startup of a new cooling system is a critical period in its lifecycle. Jake and the area engineer tested the two towers over the next two days and found the old tower missed design by 10f. Drift eliminators are installed to prevent water entrained in the air from leaving the system. Cooling tower water treatment rochester midland corporation. Engineering report and the project design documents. Standard chemical treatment of pilotscale cooling towers by the addition of free chlorine positive control was able to achieve appreciable reduction in both planktonic 23 orders of magnitude and sessile microbial growth 34 orders of magnitude in these towers.
Cooling tower cycles of concentration cycle of concentration coc ratio of concentration in dissolved solids blowdown vs makeup water typical coc 2. Preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling towers. Water treatment the purpose of a cooling tower is to remove the heat generated by an hvac system cooling of compressor refrigerant and heat generated by the compressor itself. They needed an immediate solution to clean the tower that was fast, cost effective, and did not require removal and manual cleaning of the towers fill material. Modern treatment substances and their properties in. Evoqua offers a broad s election of filtration solutions for cooling systems which will remove suspended solids in the recirculating water stream. Claritys water treatment blog is dedicated to topics having to do with the water treatment industry.
To the city of portsmouth, new hampshire, herein called the owner. What type of cooling tower you have open circulating, oncethrough, or closed loop. Microbiological control strategy in cooling tower systems. Maybe some of us didnt know what it is or maybe we even rarely heard about it or even see it. Chlorine dioxide is also nonreactive with ammonianitrogen and with most treatment chemicals corrosion and scale inhibitors present in cooling water systems. Electrochemical water treatment for cooling towers nrel. The cooling towers at biogen idec are the largest users of water in the facility. Range range is determined not by the cooling tower, but by the process it is serving. The term induced draft denotes that air is drawn by fans through the flow of falling water and up and out of the cooling tower. Download full hvac training course by ramy ghoraba four parts in pdf files free hvac tutorial download free mep calculation excel sheets, autocad drawings, and training courses for hvac, firefighting, plumbing and electrical systems design. A comprehensive cooling water treatment program using. Common cooling tower water treatment problems and how to. Rp m 2 rp m 1 cfm 2 c fm 1 staticpressure 2 static pressure 1 cfm 2 cfm 12 ho rsep ower 2 ho rsepow er 1c fm cfm 3 formulas ra nge e ntering water tem per ature leavingwater temperature. For legionella emergency disinfection purposes, an initial 50 ppm.
Antimicrobials used in cooling water systems general information steam electric facilities using recirculating cooling water systems. Coc is the number of times the constituents in the raw makeup water is concentrated in a cooling tower as water is evaporated. Concerning cooling towers treatment, this prevents the deterioration of water pipes and thus keeping the system efficient. Oct, 2016 an effective cooling tower water treatment system will provide the right quality of water to your cooling tower, the correct circulation chemistry, allowing it to run efficiently, avoiding problematic deposition, and maintaining a manageable amount of blowdown. A cooling tower chemical is defined as a corrosion inhibitor and scale prevent chemical and a cooling water biocide. Simultaneously, air is drawn in through the air inlet louvers at the base of the tower and travels upward through the wet deck fill opposite the water. The fanlaws can be used topredi ctthe pe rformance ofa towerwitha nonstandard motor.
Effective cooling tower water treatment for new system startup. Score will be awarded for adoption of cooling tower water treatment system with cycles. If the pollutant characteristics of cooling tower effluent meet the prohibited. Cooling water treatment cooling tower may require these facilities. Langenhoffb ainstitute for biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics ibed, university of amsterdam, amsterdam, the netherlands. Cooling water treatment cooling tower company in india. This report of lessons learned has segregated the problems into two major areas. Water treatment chemicals utilized for cooling tower systems which contain molybdenum are prohibited in the jea sanitary sewer. A corrosion inhibitor and scale prevention chemical allows the cooling tower to reuse the water.
Lab result shows existence of legionella more than 1 one c. Cooling tower water treatment the ongoing challenge of all industrial cooling water programs is to provide chemical programs that will maintain clean heat transfer surfaces. Pdf gsa proving ground evaluated an electrochemical water treatment. Sufficient information is included in this paper for a water treatment engineer to design, manufacture, and apply scale and corrosion control remedies throughout a. Cooling tower chemical water treatment cooling tower. The hydrex 2000 series chemicals from veolia are the ideal cooling tower water treatment chemicals as they improve the efficiency and reliability of open, closed and oncethrough cooling water systems.
Technical information for cooling towers using recycled water. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling. If you have time, please watch some of posted cooling tower videos online. The treatment consisted of injection of a single emulsion of filming amines to achieve a residual level of 2 to 2. Bibliography of technical papers cooling tower water. Once properly treated, the system water does not form scale and has little or no corrosion potential. Cooling towers are an integral component of many cooling systems that provide comfort or process cooling. Makeup water water added to the system to replace water lost through evaporation, bleed of and windage recirculation the rate at which water circulates in the cooling tower in m 3 hour litressec bleed off water deliberately bled from the system to prevent the cooling system water from becoming too concentrated.
In open circuit systems the recirculating water returns to the tower after 1 one ton of refrigeration is equal to 12,000 btuhour. Oct 26, 2016 a cooling tower water treatment system is an arrangement of technologies that remove damaging impurities from your cooling tower feed water, circulation water, andor blowdown. The hydrex 2000 chemical range is used for water treatment in cooling tower blow down and cooling tower side stream. We cover popular water treatment topics that include boiler water, cooling water, and waste water treatment. Makeup water water added to the system to replace water lost through evaporation, bleed of and windage recirculation the rate at which water circulates in the cooling tower in m 3 hour litressec.
Cooling tower chemicals what is a cooling tower chemical. Typical water treatment processes result in 20% to 50% of the water. Watertreatment and chemical conditioning of open and closed. Cooling towers can be split into two distinct categories. Each of the treatment concerns can decrease cooling tower performance, increase the use of. Cooling tower chemical water treatment cooling tower services. Specifically, water treatment chemicals, such as chromium, are added to cooling tower waters to protect equipment and piping from corrosion, and to control algae growth in the tower. For example, a cooling tower sized to cool 4540 m 3hr through a. Eliminating the need for water treatment chemicals for scale. Rp m 2 rp m 1 cfm 2 c fm 1 staticpressure 2 static pressure 1 cfm 2 cfm 12 ho rsep ower 2 ho rsepow er 1c fm cfm 3 formulas.
Cooling tower water treatment can be both chemical and physical. Specifically, chemical softening lime or limesoda softening, ion exchange, and reverse osmosis are included. Transfer system for transferring formulation into the dosing tank is provided. We will work with you to develop a customized cooling tower chemical treatment plan that will provide an effective defense against key contamination issues such as biological growth, concentrated mineral content and white rust formation. Preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling towers utica cfmu00018 r1 printed copies are considered uncontrolled. Side stream filtration for cooling towers prepared for the u.
Conclusions table 2 shows the results of the midwestern industrial plants evaluation of their options to save. Two main types of closed water systems are used at many installations. Corrosion is an electrochemical or chemical process that may lead to the. Suezs combination of cooling tower treatment chemicals, software, monitoring and industry expertise can help prevent these issues or aid in the recovery from a failure event. The use of corrosion inhibitor and scale prevent chemicals will allow the cooling tower water reuse to maximize before blowdown. The water is distributed over the wet deck fill by means of large orifice evapjet nozzles. Circulate the preq 331 for 12 to 24 hours without a heat load on the tower. It can also reduce treatment chemical costs, because when less water is used, fewer.
Internal chemical and external equipment based treatment possibilities and limitations have been discussed. However, due to variations in the water source and their operating in an. Invitation to bid plainly marked, boilers and cooling. The location of the cooling tower and the processes near the cooling tower can greatly affect the propensity for mb activity. Th e treatment consisted of injection of a single emulsion of fi lming amines to achieve a residual level of 2 to 2.
Chardon labs offers cooling tower treatment for new systems with two clear objectives in mind. Preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling. Understanding key components of cooling towers and. Chemical treatment of water for cooling and heating systems. Biological control in cooling water systems using non. Location 103 industrial drive, waxahachie texas, 75165 972 93809. Other factors, which we will see, must be stated along with flow rate m3hr. Progressive nonchemical cooling tower water treatment supports stable system operation, prevents mineral scale, keeps bacteria, biofilm and pathogens under control, and permits cooling system operational practices to inhibit corrosion. Sufficient information is included in this paper for a water treatment engineer to design, manufacture, and apply scale and corrosion control remedies throughout a wide range of conditions. Correct application of chemical treatment programs can eliminate many problems associated with cooling operations. Watertreatment and chemical conditioning of open and.
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